4种JavaScript实现简单tab选项卡切换的方法

本文实例讲解了4种JavaScript实现简单tab选项卡切换的方法，分享给大家供大家参考，具体内容如下
效果图：

方法一：for循环+if判断当前点击与自定义数组是否匹配

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>tab切换</title>
 <style type="text/css">
 button {
  width:120px;
  height: 32px;
  line-height: 32px;
  background-color: #ccc;
  font-size: 24px;
 }
 div {
  display: none;
  width:200px;
  height: 200px;
  font-size: 72px;
  color:#ddd;
  background-color: green;
  border:1px solid black;
 }
 </style>
</head>
<body>
 <button style="background-color: yellow;">1</button>
 <button>2</button>
 <button>3</button>
 <button>4</button>
 <div style="display:block;">1</div>
 <div>2</div>
 <div>3</div>
 <div>4</div>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 //定义数组并获取数组内各个的节点
 var buttonArr = document.getElementsByTagName("button");
 var divArr = document.getElementsByTagName("div");
 for(var i = 0; i < buttonArr.length;i++) {
 buttonArr[i].onclick = function() {
  //this
  // alert(this.innerHTML)
  //for循环遍历button数组长度
  for(var j = 0; j < buttonArr.length; j++) {
  //重置所有的button样式
  buttonArr[j].style.backgroundColor = "#ccc";
  //给当前的(点击的那个)那个button添加样式
  this.style.backgroundColor = "yellow";
  //隐藏所有的div
  divArr[j].style.display = "none";
  //判断当前点击是按钮数组中的哪一个？
  if(this == buttonArr[j]) {
   // alert(j);
   //显示点击按钮对应的div
   divArr[j].style.display = "block";
  }
  }
 }
 }
 </script>
</body>
</html>

方法二：自定义index为当前点击

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>tab切换</title>
 <style type="text/css">
 button {
  width:120px;
  height: 32px;
  line-height: 32px;
  background-color: #ccc;
  font-size: 24px;
 }
 div {
  display: none;
  width:200px;
  height: 200px;
  font-size: 72px;
  color:#ddd;
  background-color: green;
  border:1px solid black;
 }
 </style>
</head>
<body>
 <button style="background-color: yellow;">1</button>
 <button>2</button>
 <button>3</button>
 <button>4</button>
 <div style="display:block;">1</div>
 <div>2</div>
 <div>3</div>
 <div>4</div>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 var buttonArr = document.getElementsByTagName("button");
 var divArr = document.getElementsByTagName("div");
 for(var i = 0; i < buttonArr.length;i++) {
 buttonArr[i].index = i;
 // buttonArr[i].setAttribute("index",i);
 buttonArr[i].onclick = function() {
  for(var j = 0; j < buttonArr.length; j++) {
  buttonArr[j].style.backgroundColor = "#ccc";
  buttonArr[this.index].style.backgroundColor = "yellow";
  divArr[j].style.display = "none";
  divArr[this.index].style.display = "block";
  }
 }
 }

 </script>
</body>
</html>

方法三：className

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>tab</title>
 <style type="text/css">
 * {padding:0; margin:0;}
 button {
  background-color: #ccc;
  width:80px;
  height: 30px;
 }
 .btn-active {
  background-color: yellow;
  font-weight:bold;
  font-size: 14px;
 }
 div{
  width:200px;
  height: 200px;
  font-size: 64px;
  background-color: #0c0;
  display: none;
  color:#fff;
 }
 .div-active {
  display: block;
 }
 </style>
</head>
<body>
 <button class="btn-active">按钮1</button>
 <button>按钮2</button>
 <button>按钮3</button>
 <button>按钮4</button>
 <div class="div-active">1</div>
 <div>2</div>
 <div>3</div>
 <div>4</div>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 //1.先获取元素
 var buttonList = document.getElementsByTagName("button");
 var divList = document.getElementsByTagName("div");
 //2.添加事件
 for(var i = 0; i < buttonList.length; i++) {
 buttonList[i].index = i;
 buttonList[i].onclick = function() {
  for(var j = 0; j < buttonList.length;j++) {
  buttonList[j].className = "";
  divList[j].className = "";
  }
  this.className = "btn-active";
  divList[this.index].className = "div-active";
 }
 }
 </script>
</body>
</html>

方法四：className+匿名函数的自执行

<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>tab</title>
 <style type="text/css">
 * {padding:0; margin:0;}
 button {
  background-color: #ccc;
  width:80px;
  height: 30px;
 }
 .btn-active {
  background-color: yellow;
  font-weight:bold;
  font-size: 14px;
 }
 div{
  width:200px;
  height: 200px;
  font-size: 64px;
  background-color: #0c0;
  display: none;
  color:#fff;
 }
 .div-active {
  display: block;
 }
 </style>
</head>
<body>
 <button class="btn-active">按钮1</button>
 <button>按钮2</button>
 <button>按钮3</button>
 <button>按钮4</button>
 <div class="div-active">1</div>
 <div>2</div>
 <div>3</div>
 <div>4</div>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 //1.先获取元素
 var buttonList = document.getElementsByTagName("button");
 var divList = document.getElementsByTagName("div");
 //2.添加事件
 for(var i = 0; i < buttonList.length; i++) {
 (function(i){ //匿名函数自执行
  buttonList[i].onclick = function() {
  for(var j = 0; j < buttonList.length;j++) {
   buttonList[j].className = "";
   divList[j].className = "";
  }
  this.className = "btn-active";
  divList[i].className = "div-active";
  }
 })(i)
 }
 </script>
</body>
</html>

如果大家还想深入学习，可以点击两个精彩的专题：javascript选项卡操作方法汇总 jquery选项卡操作方法汇总

希望本文所述对大家学习javascript程序设计有所帮助。