一步步打造简单的MVC电商网站BooksStore(4)
一步步打造一个简单的 MVC 电商网站 - BooksStore(四)
本系列的 GitHub地址:https://github.com/liqingwen2015/Wen.BooksStore
《一步步打造一个简单的 MVC 电商网站 - BooksStore(一)》
《一步步打造一个简单的 MVC 电商网站 - BooksStore(二)》
《一步步打造一个简单的 MVC 电商网站 - BooksStore(三)》
《一步步打造一个简单的 MVC 电商网站 - BooksStore(四)》
简介
上一节我们完成了两个主要功能:完成了整个购物车的流程,以及订单处理(发邮件进行通知),今天我们来学习一下最基本的增删改查,以及登录认证过滤器,加入防 CSRF 攻击,本系列已完结。
该系列主要功能与知识点如下:
分类、产品浏览、购物车、结算、CRUD(增删改查) 管理、发邮件、分页、模型绑定、认证过滤器和单元测试等。
【备注】项目使用 VS2015 + C#6 进行开发,有问题请发表在留言区哦,还有,页面长得比较丑,请见谅。
目录
基本的增删改查 CRUD
登录授权认证过滤
基本的增删改查 CRUD
我们创建一个新的控制器进行增删改查功能,AdminController,并添加一个显示所有数据的方法:

/// <summary>
/// 后台管理控制器
/// </summary>
public class AdminController : Controller
{
private readonly IBookRepository _bookRepository;
public AdminController(IBookRepository bookRepository)
{
_bookRepository = bookRepository;
}
/// <summary>
/// 首页
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public ActionResult Index()
{
return View(_bookRepository.Books);
}
}
不在沿用之前的布局页了,创建一个新的布局页 _AdmindLayout.cshtml:

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> <title>@ViewBag.Title</title> <link href="~/Contents/admin/Site.css" rel="stylesheet" /> </head> <body> <div> @RenderBody() </div> </body> </html>
Site.css
.table {
width: 100%;
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
.table th {
font: bold 12px "Trebuchet MS", Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
color: #4f6b72;
border-right: 1px solid #C1DAD7;
border-bottom: 1px solid #C1DAD7;
border-top: 1px solid #C1DAD7;
letter-spacing: 2px;
text-transform: uppercase;
text-align: left;
padding: 6px 6px 6px 12px;
background: #CAE8EA no-repeat;
}
.table td {
border-right: 1px solid #C1DAD7;
border-bottom: 1px solid #C1DAD7;
background: #fff;
font-size: 14px;
padding: 6px 6px 6px 12px;
color: #4f6b72;
}
.table td.alt {
background: #F5FAFA;
color: #797268;
}
.table th.spec, td.spec {
border-left: 1px solid #C1DAD7;
}
对应的Index.cshtml:
@model IEnumerable<Wen.BooksStore.Domain.Entities.Book>
@{
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_AdminLayout.cshtml";
}
<p>
@Html.ActionLink("新增", "Edit")
</p>
<table class="table">
<tr>
<th>
名称
</th>
<th>
描述
</th>
<th>
价格
</th>
<th>
分类
</th>
<th></th>
</tr>
@foreach (var item in Model)
{
<tr>
<td>
@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Name)
</td>
<td>
@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Description)
</td>
<td>
@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Price)
</td>
<td>
@Html.DisplayFor(modelItem => item.Category)
</td>
<td>
@Html.ActionLink("编辑", "Edit", new { id = item.Id })
@using (Html.BeginForm("Delete", "Admin", FormMethod.Post, new { style = "display:inline;" }))
{
@Html.Hidden("id", item.Id)
<input type="submit" value="删除" />
}
</td>
</tr>
}
</table>

编辑,我把新增和编辑的位置放在一块,使用 id 进行区分,如果 id = 0 就表示新增的信息。
在 AdminCtroller 中添加关于编辑的方法
/// <summary>
/// 编辑
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public ActionResult Edit(int id = 0)
{
if (id == 0)
{
return View(new Book());
}
var model = _bookRepository.Books.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Id == id);
return View(model);
}
/// <summary>
/// 编辑
/// </summary>
/// <param name="book"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Edit(Book book)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return View(book);
}
_bookRepository.SaveBook(book);
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
更新存储库中的方法:

IBookRepository.cs
/// <summary>
/// 书存储库接口
/// </summary>
public interface IBookRepository
{
/// <summary>
/// 书模型集合
/// </summary>
IQueryable<Book> Books { get; }
/// <summary>
/// 保存书
/// </summary>
/// <param name="book"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
int SaveBook(Book book);
/// <summary>
/// 删除书
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
Book DeleteBook(int id);
}
EfBookRepository.cs
/// <summary>
/// 书存储库
/// </summary>
public class EfBookRepository : IBookRepository
{
private readonly EfDbContext _context = new EfDbContext();
/// <summary>
/// 书模型集合
/// </summary>
public IQueryable<Book> Books => _context.Books;
/// <summary>
/// 保存书
/// </summary>
/// <param name="book"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int SaveBook(Book book)
{
if (book.Id == 0)
{
_context.Books.Add(book);
}
else
{
var model = _context.Books.Find(book.Id);
if (model==null)
{
return 0;
}
model.Category = book.Category;
model.Description = book.Description;
model.Name = book.Name;
model.Price = book.Price;
}
return _context.SaveChanges();
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除书
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public Book DeleteBook(int id)
{
var model = _context.Books.Find(id);
if (model == null)
{
return null;
}
_context.Books.Remove(model);
_context.SaveChanges();
return model;
}
}
需要对 Book 模型加上验证用的特性:
[Table("Book")]
public class Book
{
/// <summary>
/// 标识
/// </summary>
public int Id { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 名称
/// </summary>
[Required(ErrorMessage = "名称不能为空")]
public string Name { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 描述
/// </summary>
[Required(ErrorMessage = "描述不能为空")]
public string Description { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 价格
/// </summary>
[Required(ErrorMessage = "价格不能为空")]
[Range(0.01, double.MaxValue, ErrorMessage = "请填写合适的价格")]
public decimal Price { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 分类
/// </summary>
[Required(ErrorMessage = "分类不能为空")]
public string Category { get; set; }
}
_AdminLayout.cshtml 需要引入验证用的 js(客户端验证):
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script> <script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.js"></script> <script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js"></script>
Edit.cshtml
@model Wen.BooksStore.Domain.Entities.Book
@{
Layout = "~/Views/Shared/_AdminLayout.cshtml";
}
<h2>编辑</h2>
<div>
@Html.ValidationSummary()
<div>
@using (Html.BeginForm())
{
@Html.HiddenFor(x => x.Id)
<table>
<tr>
<td>名称</td>
<td>@Html.TextBoxFor(x => x.Name)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>价格</td>
<td>@Html.TextBoxFor(x => x.Price)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>分类</td>
<td>@Html.TextBoxFor(x => x.Category)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>描述</td>
<td>@Html.TextAreaFor(x => x.Description)</td>
</tr>
</table>
<input type="submit" value="提交" />
}
</div>
</div>

图:错误提示

删除
/// <summary>
/// 删除
/// </summary>
/// <param name="id"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpPost]
public ActionResult Delete(int id)
{
_bookRepository.DeleteBook(id);
return RedirectToAction("Index");
}
加入提示,我们在新增、编辑和删除时应该加入必要的提示信息,使用TempData。

/Admin/Index.cshtml 下的也要添加:

执行效果:

【备注】TempData 临时数据保存了一条信息,是一个“键/值”字典,类似会话 Session 和 ViewBag,它和 Session 的差别是,在 HTTP 请求结束后会被删除。因为这里使用了 RedirectToAction ,一条重定向指令,会告诉浏览器重定向请求到一个新地址,这时就不能使用 ViewBag,ViewBag 用于在控制器与视图之间传递数据,但它保持数据的时间不能比当前的HTTP 请求长,重定向意味着用户是跨请求的,ViewBag 不能用于跨请求时传递数据。
登录授权认证过滤
上面是一个 Admin 的后台管理操作,不是每一个用户都能够进入管理的,所以现在加入登录授权认证功能,只有成功后,才能进入管理界面。
先在配置文件 WebConfig.cs 中加入
<authentication mode="Forms"> <forms loginUrl="~/Account/Login" timeout="2880"> <credentials passwordFormat="Clear"> <user name="admin" password="123"/> </credentials> </forms> </authentication>
WebConfig.cs
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <!-- For more information on how to configure your ASP.NET application, please visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301880 --> <configuration> <connectionStrings> <add name="EfDbContext" connectionString="server=.;database=TestDb;uid=sa;pwd=123" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/> </connectionStrings> <appSettings> <add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0"/> <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false"/> <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true"/> <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true"/> <add key="SendEmailName" value="943239005@qq.com"/> </appSettings> <system.web> <authentication mode="Forms"> <forms loginUrl="~/Account/Login" timeout="2880"> <credentials passwordFormat="Clear"> <user name="admin" password="123"/> </credentials> </forms> </authentication> <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.6.1"/> <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.6.1"/> <httpModules> <add name="ApplicationInsightsWebTracking" type="Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.Web.ApplicationInsightsHttpModule, Microsoft.AI.Web"/> </httpModules> </system.web> <runtime> <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1"> <dependentAssembly> <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/> <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0"/> </dependentAssembly> <dependentAssembly> <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/> <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0"/> </dependentAssembly> <dependentAssembly> <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35"/> <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.2.3.0" newVersion="5.2.3.0"/> </dependentAssembly> </assemblyBinding> </runtime> <system.codedom> <compilers> <compiler language="c#;cs;csharp" extension=".cs" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.CSharpCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:6 /nowarn:1659;1699;1701"/> <compiler language="vb;vbs;visualbasic;vbscript" extension=".vb" type="Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform.VBCodeProvider, Microsoft.CodeDom.Providers.DotNetCompilerPlatform, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35" warningLevel="4" compilerOptions="/langversion:14 /nowarn:41008 /define:_MYTYPE=\"Web\" /optionInfer+"/> </compilers> </system.codedom> <system.webServer> <validation validateIntegratedModeConfiguration="false"/> <modules> <remove name="ApplicationInsightsWebTracking"/> <add name="ApplicationInsightsWebTracking" type="Microsoft.ApplicationInsights.Web.ApplicationInsightsHttpModule, Microsoft.AI.Web" preCondition="managedHandler"/> </modules> </system.webServer> </configuration>
在这里使用的授权认证模式为表单认证,为了简化与数据库的交互操作,采取的是硬编码的形式。如果尚未得到认证,会跳转到 Account/Login 的地址让管理员先进行登录,timeout 表示登录(即认证)成功的保持时长为 2880 分钟(即 48 小时),而 name 表示的就是用户名, password 表示的就是登录密码。
这里采用的是授权认证过滤器,我们需要对要认证后才能进入的控制器添加一个特性[Authorize],即对 AdminController 添加该特性。

新建表单认证提供器,一个接口和一个实现:

IAuthProvider.cs:
public interface IAuthProvider
{
/// <summary>
/// 认证
/// </summary>
/// <param name="userName"></param>
/// <param name="password"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
bool Auth(string userName, string password);
}
FormsAuthProvider.cs:
/// <summary>
/// 表单认证提供者
/// </summary>
public class FormsAuthProvider:IAuthProvider
{
/// <summary>
/// 认证
/// </summary>
/// <param name="userName"></param>
/// <param name="password"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool Auth(string userName, string password)
{
var result = FormsAuthentication.Authenticate(userName, password);
if (result)
{
//设置认证 Cookie
FormsAuthentication.SetAuthCookie(userName, false);
}
return result;
}
}
AddBindings() 方法中注册:
/// <summary>
/// 添加绑定
/// </summary>
private void AddBindings()
{
_kernel.Bind<IBookRepository>().To<EfBookRepository>();
_kernel.Bind<IOrderProcessor>().To<EmailOrderProcessor>();
_kernel.Bind<IAuthProvider>().To<FormsAuthProvider>();
}

/// <summary>
/// 登录视图模型
/// </summary>
public class LoginViewModel
{
[Required(ErrorMessage = "用户名不能为空")]
public string UserName { get; set; }
[Required(ErrorMessage = "密码不能为空")]
[DataType(DataType.Password)]
public string Password { get; set; }
}
新建 AccountController

public class AccountController : Controller
{
private readonly IAuthProvider _authProvider;
public AccountController(IAuthProvider authProvider)
{
_authProvider = authProvider;
}
/// <summary>
/// 登录
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public ActionResult Login()
{
return View();
}
/// <summary>
/// 登录
/// </summary>
/// <param name="model"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
[HttpPost]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public ActionResult Login(LoginViewModel model)
{
if (!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return View(new LoginViewModel());
}
var result = _authProvider.Auth(model.UserName, model.Password);
if (result) return RedirectToAction("Index", "Admin");
ModelState.AddModelError("", "账号或用户名有误");
return View(new LoginViewModel());
}
}
Login.cshtml 登录页面:
@model Wen.BooksStore.WebUI.Models.LoginViewModel
@{
Layout = null;
}
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<title>登录</title>
@*<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.5.0/css/font-awesome.min.css">*@
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css">
@*<link href="~/Contents/Login/css/htmleaf-demo.css" rel="stylesheet" />*@
<style type="text/css">
@@import url(https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Roboto:300);
.login-page {
margin: auto;
padding: 8% 0 0;
width: 360px;
}
.form {
background: #FFFFFF;
box-shadow: 0 0 20px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), 0 5px 5px 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24);
margin: 0 auto 100px;
max-width: 360px;
padding: 45px;
position: relative;
text-align: center;
z-index: 1;
}
.form input {
background: #f2f2f2;
border: 0;
box-sizing: border-box;
font-family: "Roboto", sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
margin: 0 0 15px;
outline: 0;
padding: 15px;
width: 100%;
}
.form button {
-webkit-transition: all 0.3 ease;
background: #4CAF50;
border: 0;
color: #FFFFFF;
cursor: pointer;
font-family: "Microsoft YaHei", "Roboto", sans-serif;
font-size: 14px;
outline: 0;
padding: 15px;
text-transform: uppercase;
transition: all 0.3 ease;
width: 100%;
}
.form button:hover, .form button:active, .form button:focus { background: #43A047; }
.form .message {
color: #b3b3b3;
font-size: 12px;
margin: 15px 0 0;
}
.form .message a {
color: #4CAF50;
text-decoration: none;
}
.form .register-form { display: none; }
.container {
margin: 0 auto;
max-width: 300px;
position: relative;
z-index: 1;
}
.container:before, .container:after {
clear: both;
content: "";
display: block;
}
.container .info {
margin: 50px auto;
text-align: center;
}
.container .info h1 {
color: #1a1a1a;
font-size: 36px;
font-weight: 300;
margin: 0 0 15px;
padding: 0;
}
.container .info span {
color: #4d4d4d;
font-size: 12px;
}
.container .info span a {
color: #000000;
text-decoration: none;
}
.container .info span .fa { color: #EF3B3A; }
body {
-moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
background: #76b852; /* fallback for old browsers */
background: -webkit-linear-gradient(right, #76b852, #8DC26F);
background: -moz-linear-gradient(right, #76b852, #8DC26F);
background: -o-linear-gradient(right, #76b852, #8DC26F);
background: linear-gradient(to left, #76b852, #8DC26F);
font-family: "Roboto", sans-serif;
}
</style>
<!--[if IE]>
<script src="http://cdn.bootcss.com/html5shiv/3.7.3/html5shiv.min.js"></script>
<![endif]-->
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery-1.10.2.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.js"></script>
<script src="~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrapper" class="login-page">
<div id="login_form" class="form">
@using (Html.BeginForm("Login", "Account", FormMethod.Post, new { @class = "login-form" }))
{
<span style="float: left; color: red;">@Html.ValidationSummary()</span>
@Html.AntiForgeryToken()
@Html.TextBoxFor(x => x.UserName, new { placeholder = "用户名" })
@Html.EditorFor(x => x.Password, new { placeholder = "密码", })
<input type="submit" value="登 录" />
}
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>


【备注】ValidateAntiForgeryToken 特性用于防止跨站请求伪造(CSRF)攻击。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持我们。
