jQuery实现ajax调用WCF服务的方法(附带demo下载)

本文实例讲述了jQuery实现ajax调用WCF服务的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

关于AJAX调用WCF服务分为跨域和不跨域两种方式，今天咱们先介绍下不跨域下的调用方法。DEMO是在VS2008写的.

经过测试与研究，发现AJAX调用WCF服务必须满足以下条件

1.wcf的通讯方式必须使用webHttpBinding
2.必须设置<endpointBehaviors>节点的值
3.服务的实现必须添加标记

代码如下:

[AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)]

4.方法前面必须添加如下标记

代码如下:

[WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]

5.ajax方法中传递的参数名称必须和wcf服务中提供的参数方法名称一致

以下是本人写的代码，标记颜色的是需要注意的地方

服务器端配置文件代码

<system.serviceModel>
  <services>
   <service name="WcfServiceDemoOne.Service1" behaviorConfiguration="WcfServiceDemoOne.Service1Behavior">
    <!-- Service Endpoints -->
  <endpoint address="" binding="webHttpBinding" contract="WcfServiceDemoOne.IService1" behaviorConfiguration="HttpBehavior"></endpoint>
    <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
    <host>
     <baseAddresses>
      <add baseAddress="http://localhost:12079/Service1.svc"/>
     </baseAddresses>
    </host>
   </service>
  </services>
  <behaviors>
   <serviceBehaviors>
    <behavior name="WcfServiceDemoOne.Service1Behavior">
     <!-- 为避免泄漏元数据信息，请在部署前将以下值设置为 false 并删除上面的元数据终结点-->
     <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
     <!-- 要接收故障异常详细信息以进行调试，请将以下值设置为 true。在部署前设置为 false 以避免泄漏异常信息-->
     <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
    </behavior>
   </serviceBehaviors>
  <endpointBehaviors>
  <behavior name="HttpBehavior">
   <webHttp/>
  </behavior>
  </endpointBehaviors>
  </behaviors>
</system.serviceModel>

服务器端代码

[ServiceContract]
 public interface IService1
 {
  [OperationContract]
  string GetData(int value);
  [OperationContract]
  City GetDataUsingDataContract(City composite);
   [OperationContract]
  List<City> GetList();
   [OperationContract]
  List<City> GetListData(List<City> list);
 }
 // 使用下面示例中说明的数据约定将复合类型添加到服务操作。
 [DataContract]
 public class City
 {
  int seq = 0;
  string cityID;
  string ctiyName;
   [DataMember]
  public string CityID
  {
   get
   {
    return cityID;
   }
   set
   {
    cityID=value;
   }
  }
  [DataMember]
  public string CityName
  {
   get { return ctiyName; }
   set { ctiyName = value; }
  }
  [DataMember]
  public int Seq
  {
   get
   { return seq; }
   set
   { seq = value; }
  }
}

实现代码

[AspNetCompatibilityRequirements(RequirementsMode = AspNetCompatibilityRequirementsMode.Allowed)]
 public class Service1 : IService1
 {
  [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.WrappedRequest, RequestFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
  public string GetData(int value)
  {
   return string.Format("You entered: {0}", value);
  }
  #region IService1 成员
  [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
  public City GetDataUsingDataContract(City composite)
  {
   City c = new City();
   c.CityID = composite.CityID;
   c.CityName = composite.CityName;
   c.Seq = composite.Seq;
   return c;
  }
  [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
  public List<City> GetList()
  {
   List<City> list = new List<City>();
   City cc = new City();
   cc.CityID = "1";
   cc.CityName="北京";
   cc.Seq = 3;
   list.Add(cc);
   City cc1 = new City();
   cc1.CityID = "2";
   cc1.CityName = "上海";
   cc1.Seq = 4;
   list.Add(cc1);
   return list;
  }
  [WebInvoke(Method = "POST", BodyStyle = WebMessageBodyStyle.Bare, ResponseFormat = WebMessageFormat.Json)]
  public List<City> GetListData(List<City> list)
  {
   return list;
  }
  #endregion
}

客户端调用代码

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" Inherits="WcfServiceDemoOne.WebForm1" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head runat="server">
 <title></title>
 <script src="jquery-1.7.1.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
 <script type="text/javascript">
 //参数为整数的方法
  function fn1()
  {
   $.ajax({
   url: "http://localhost:12079/Service1.svc/GetData",
    type: "POST",
    contentType: "text/json",
    data: '{"value":2}',
    dataType: "json",
    success: function(returnValue) {
     alert(returnValue);
    },
    error: function() {
     alert('error');
    }
   });
  }
//参数为实体类的方法
  function fn2() {
   $.ajax({
   url: "http://localhost:12079/Service1.svc/GetDataUsingDataContract",
    type: "POST",
    contentType: "application/json",
    data: '{"CityID":1,"CityName":"北京","Seq":"3"}',
    dataType: "json",
    success: function(returnValue) {
    alert(returnValue.CityID + ' ' + returnValue.CityName + "--" + returnValue.Seq);
    },
    error: function() {
     alert('error');
    }
   });
  }
//返回值为类集合的方法
  function fn3() {
   $.ajax({
    url: "http://localhost:12079/Service1.svc/GetList",
    type: "POST",
    contentType: "application/json",
    dataType: "json",
    success: function(returnValue) {
    for (var i = 0; i < returnValue.length; i++) {
     alert(returnValue[i].CityID + ' ' + returnValue[i].CityName+'---'+returnValue[i].Seq);
     }
    },
    error: function() {
     alert('error');
    }
   });
  }
  function fn4() {
   $.ajax({
   url: "http://localhost:12079/Service1.svc/GetListData",
    type: "POST",
    contentType: "application/json",
    data: '[{"CityID":1,"CityName":"北京","Seq":"3"},{"CityID":3,"CityName":"上海","Seq":"3"}]',
    dataType: "json",
    success: function(returnValue) {
    for (var i = 0; i < returnValue.length; i++) {
     alert(returnValue[i].CityID + ' ' + returnValue[i].CityName + '---' + returnValue[i].Seq);
    }
    },
    error: function() {
     alert('error');
    }
   });
  }
 </script>
</head>
<body>
 <form id="form1" runat="server">
 <div>
  <input id="Button1" type="button" value="调用1" onclick="fn1();" /></div>
  <input id="Button2" type="button" value="调用2" onclick="fn2();" />
  <br />
 <input id="Button3" type="button" value="调用3" onclick="fn3();" /></form>
 <br />
 <input id="Button4" type="button" value="调用4" onclick="fn4();"/>
</body>
</html>

完整实例代码代码点击此处本站下载。

希望本文所述对大家jQuery程序设计有所帮助。