SpringBoot上传文件并配置本地资源映射来访问文件的实例代码

1.准备工作

1、新建一个SpringBoot项目加上web依赖, 所有依赖

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
	<artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
</dependency>

<dependency>
	<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
	<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

2、application.properties

# 上传文件总的最大值
spring.servlet.multipart.max-request-size=10MB
#spring.servlet.multipart.max-request-size=10KB
# 单个文件的最大值
spring.servlet.multipart.max-file-size=10MB
#spring.servlet.multipart.max-file-size=10KB

# 文件上传路径, 当前项目根目录下的 uploadFile 目录
pro.uploadPath=uploadFile

3、新建文件上传的静态文件 index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>文件上传</title>
</head>
    <body>
        <h1>文件上传</h1>
        <form method="post" action="/file/upload" enctype="multipart/form-data">
            <input type="file" name="file"><br>
            <input type="submit" value="提交">
        </form>
    </body>
</html>

2. 配置本地资源映射路径 addResourceHandlers

package com.pro.conf;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

@Configuration
public class WebMvcConf implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Value("${pro.uploadPath}")
    private String uploadPath;

    @Override
    public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addResourceHandler(uploadPath + "/**") // 添加访问路径
                // file: 当前项目根目录, 映射到真实的路径下的 uploadPath(变量)目录下
                .addResourceLocations("file:" + uploadPath + "/");
    }
}

3.上传代码

package com.pro.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.util.ResourceUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartHttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.io.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.*;

@RestController
public class UploadController {
    @Value("${pro.uploadPath}")
    private String uploadPath;

    /**
     * 获取文件路径
     * @param request 请求体
     * @param fileName 文件名称
     * @return 文件路径
     */
    public String getUploadPath(HttpServletRequest request, String fileName) {
        return request.getScheme() + "://" + request.getServerName() + ":" + request.getServerPort() + "/" + uploadPath + "/" + fileName;
    }

    // 文件上传, 上传到当前项目根目录下的 uploadFile 目录
    @RequestMapping("/file/upload")
    public Object upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile multipartFile, HttpServletRequest request) {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap();
        map.put("msg", "上传成功");

        if (multipartFile.isEmpty()) {
            map.put("msg", "空文件");
            return map;
        }

        // 获取文件名
        String fileName = multipartFile.getOriginalFilename();
        if ("".equals(fileName)) {
            map.put("msg", "文件名不能为空");
            return map;
        }
        System.out.println("上传文件原始的名字: " + fileName);

        // 使用uuid生成新文件名
        String newFileName = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", "") + fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf("."), fileName.length());
        System.out.println("保存的文件的新名字: " + newFileName);

        // 获取年月日的日期格式
        SimpleDateFormat simpleDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
        String format = simpleDateFormat.format(new Date());

        // 生成以日期分割的文件路径
        File readPath = new File(uploadPath + File.separator + format);
        System.out.println("存放的文件夹: " + readPath);
        System.out.println("存放文件的绝对路径: " + readPath.getAbsolutePath());
        // 判断文件夹是否存在
        if (!readPath.isDirectory()) {
            // 创建文件夹
            readPath.mkdirs();
        }

        // 文件真实的保存路径
        File file = new File(readPath.getAbsolutePath() + File.separator + newFileName);
        try {
            multipartFile.transferTo(file);

            // 获取存储路径
            String filePath = getUploadPath(request, format + "/" + newFileName);
            map.put("path", filePath);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            map.put("msg", "上传失败");
        }

        return map;
    }
}

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