python实现拼图小游戏

2024-04-10 17:11:32

Python小白一只，正在成长，程序自己设计，很多不足，算法很多地方能优化。欢迎大佬来指教。

游戏效果

创建设置类，储存游戏基础数据

可以不使用这个类，在程序中直接使用相应的数据。但是使用这个类更便于程序阅读和修改基础数据。

class Settings:
 def __init__(self):
  self.picture_num = 4 # 每行图片数
  self.screen_width = 408 # 窗口宽度
  self.screen_length = 809 # 窗口长度
  self.picture_length = 100 # 每个正方形图片的长
  self.screen_bgcol = (96, 127, 255) # 背景颜色
  self.picture_bian = 1 # 每个图片的边缘宽度 ，便于分清每个照片
  self.picture_distance = 102 # 两个图片之间的距离

创建图片类，储存游戏需要的图片

这样可以在游戏的开始把游戏用到的图片一起读到内存，显示照片时直接使用创建的图像对象列表即可。
类的构造函数要接收一个数字，按着这个数字读生成相应图片的路径和名称 picture_name。在按照这个打开相应的照片。
pygame相应方法可以简单学习一下。

class Picture:
 def __init__(self, num):
  self.picture_name = 'images/p{}.gif'.format(num)
  self.picture = pygame.image.load(self.picture_name) # 打开照片
  self.picture_rect = self.picture.get_rect() # 获得照片属性类
 def display_picture(self, screen, x, y): # 在屏幕上显示图片方法
  self.picture_rect.x = x
  self.picture_rect.y = y
  screen.blit(self.picture, self.picture_rect)

生成初始数据，创建窗口

游戏数据用两个4*4二维列表存储，一个存储图片位置，一个存储图片对象。
游戏开始，图片的顺序的应该是乱的。
先要对数据进行打乱，打乱时要按照原有的顺序打乱，不然可能会出现图片不可能复原的情况。

数据打乱函数

def data_begin(caozuoshu, p0, data):
 for i in caozuoshu:
  move(i, p0, data)

def move(i, p0, data):
 if i == 3 and p0[1] > 0:
  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = t
  p0[1] -= 1
 elif i == 4 and p0[1] < 3:
  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1] = t
  p0[1] += 1
 elif i == 1 and p0[0] > 0:
  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]] = t
  p0[0] -= 1
 elif i == 2 and p0[0] < 3:
  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]+1][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]+1][p0[1]] = t
  p0[0] += 1

def create_caozuoshu():
 n = 30
 caozuo = [1, 2, 3, 4]
 caozuoshu = []
 for i in range(n):
  caozuoshu.append(random.choice(caozuo))
 return caozuoshu

这样之后，把data列表打乱

在按照data生成picture列表

def create_pictures(picture, data, set):
 for i in range(set.picture_num):
  for j in range(set.picture_num):
   p = Picture(data[i][j])
   picture[i][j] = p

创建窗口函数

def screen_create(set):
 pygame.init()
 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((set.screen_length, set.screen_width))
 pygame.display.set_caption("拼图")
 return screen

主函数

if __name__ == '__main__':
 set = Settings()
 # 初始数据
 data = [[9, 1, 3, 4],
   [2, 16, 14, 8],
   [6, 10, 5, 12],
   [13, 7, 11, 15]]
 p0 = [1, 1]
 caozuoshu = create_caozuoshu()
 data_begin(caozuoshu, p0, data)
 bushu = [0]
 # 创建图片
 picture = [[None, None, None, None],
    [None, None, None, None],
    [None, None, None, None],
    [None, None, None, None]]
 yuantu = Picture(17)
 create_pictures(picture, data, set) # 按照data生成相应顺序的picture列表
 # 创建窗口
 screen = screen_create(set)

 # 游戏主循环
 while True:
  check_events(picture, p0, data, bushu)
  screen_updata(picture, screen, set, yuantu)

响应按键控制

响应按键是，picture和data列表都要同步改变，data用来判断是否拼图完成。

响应按键，产生相应的控制

def check_events(picture, p0, data, bushu):
 for event in pygame.event.get():
  if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
   sys.exit()
  elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and game_over(data, set, bushu):
   if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and p0[0] > 0:
    xinhao = 1
    bushu[0] += 1
    updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
   elif event.key == pygame.K_UP and p0[0] < 3:
    xinhao = 2
    bushu[0] += 1
    updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
   elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and p0[1] > 0:
    xinhao = 3
    bushu[0] += 1
    updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
   elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and p0[1] < 3:
    xinhao = 4
    bushu[0] += 1
    updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)

按照控制数，更新picture和data

def updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data):
 if xinhao == 3:
  tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = tmp

  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = t
  p0[1] -= 1

 elif xinhao == 4:
  tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0]][p0[1] + 1]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1] + 1] = tmp

  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1] = t
  p0[1] += 1
 elif xinhao == 1:
  tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0] - 1][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0] - 1][p0[1]] = tmp

  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]] = t
  p0[0] -= 1
 elif xinhao == 2:
  tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]] = tmp

  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0] +1][p0[1]] = t
  p0[0] += 1

判断是否拼图完成

def game_over(data, set,bushu):
 datao = [[1, 2, 3, 4],
    [5, 6, 7, 8],
    [9, 10, 11, 12],
    [13, 14, 15, 16]]
 for i in range(set.picture_num):
  for j in range(set.picture_num):
   if datao[i][j] != data[i][j]:
    return True
 print("牛逼！\n 游戏结束！\n 步数：{}".format(bushu[0]))
 return False

此函数要在响应按键函数中实时使用，监测是否完成拼图。

完整程序

import pygame
import random
import sys

class Settings:
 def __init__(self):
  self.picture_num = 4
  self.screen_width = 408
  self.screen_length = 809
  self.picture_length = 100
  self.screen_bgcol = (96, 127, 255)
  self.picture_speed = 5
  self.picture_bian = 1
  self.picture_distance = 102

class Picture:
 def __init__(self, num):
  self.picture_name = 'images/p{}.gif'.format(num)
  self.picture = pygame.image.load(self.picture_name)
  self.picture_rect = self.picture.get_rect()
 def display_picture(self, screen, x, y):
  self.picture_rect.x = x
  self.picture_rect.y = y
  screen.blit(self.picture, self.picture_rect)
'''def data_begin(data,p0):
 n = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16]
 ns = 16
 for i in range(4):
  for j in range(4):
   num = random.randint(0, ns-1)
   ns -= 1
   data[i][j] = n.pop(num)
   if data[i][j] == 16:
    p0[0] = i
    p0[1] = j'''
def data_begin(caozuoshu, p0, data):
 for i in caozuoshu:
  move(i, p0, data)

def move(i, p0, data):
 if i == 3 and p0[1] > 0:
  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = t
  p0[1] -= 1
 elif i == 4 and p0[1] < 3:
  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1] = t
  p0[1] += 1
 elif i == 1 and p0[0] > 0:
  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]] = t
  p0[0] -= 1
 elif i == 2 and p0[0] < 3:
  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]+1][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]+1][p0[1]] = t
  p0[0] += 1

def create_caozuoshu():
 n = 30
 caozuo = [1, 2, 3, 4]
 caozuoshu = []
 for i in range(n):
  caozuoshu.append(random.choice(caozuo))
 return caozuoshu

def create_pictures(picture, data, set):
 for i in range(set.picture_num):
  for j in range(set.picture_num):
   p = Picture(data[i][j])
   picture[i][j] = p

def screen_updata(picture, screen, set, yuantu):
 screen.fill(set.screen_bgcol)
 x, y = 402, set.picture_bian
 for i in range(set.picture_num):
  for j in range(set.picture_num):
   picture[i][j].display_picture(screen, x, y)
   x += set.picture_distance
  x = 402
  y += set.picture_distance
 yuantu.display_picture(screen, 1, 4)
 pygame.display.flip()

def screen_create(set):
 pygame.init()
 screen = pygame.display.set_mode((set.screen_length, set.screen_width))
 pygame.display.set_caption("拼图")
 return screen

def game_over(data, set,bushu):
 datao = [[1, 2, 3, 4],
    [5, 6, 7, 8],
    [9, 10, 11, 12],
    [13, 14, 15, 16]]
 for i in range(set.picture_num):
  for j in range(set.picture_num):
   if datao[i][j] != data[i][j]:
    return True
 print("牛逼！\n 游戏结束！\n 步数：{}".format(bushu[0]))
 return False

def updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data):
 if xinhao == 3:
  tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = tmp

  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]-1] = t
  p0[1] -= 1

 elif xinhao == 4:
  tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0]][p0[1] + 1]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1] + 1] = tmp

  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]+1] = t
  p0[1] += 1
 elif xinhao == 1:
  tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0] - 1][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0] - 1][p0[1]] = tmp

  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]-1][p0[1]] = t
  p0[0] -= 1
 elif xinhao == 2:
  tmp = picture[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0]][p0[1]] = picture[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]]
  picture[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]] = tmp

  t = data[p0[0]][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0]][p0[1]] = data[p0[0] + 1][p0[1]]
  data[p0[0] +1][p0[1]] = t
  p0[0] += 1
 #print(data)

def check_events(picture, p0, data, bushu):
 for event in pygame.event.get():
  if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
   sys.exit()
  elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN and game_over(data, set, bushu):
   if event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and p0[0] > 0:
    xinhao = 1
    bushu[0] += 1
    updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
   elif event.key == pygame.K_UP and p0[0] < 3:
    xinhao = 2
    bushu[0] += 1
    updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
   elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and p0[1] > 0:
    xinhao = 3
    bushu[0] += 1
    updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)
   elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and p0[1] < 3:
    xinhao = 4
    bushu[0] += 1
    updata(xinhao, picture, p0, data)

if __name__ == '__main__':
 set = Settings()
 # 初始数据
 data = [[9, 1, 3, 4],
   [2, 16, 14, 8],
   [6, 10, 5, 12],
   [13, 7, 11, 15]]
 p0 = [1, 1]
 caozuoshu = create_caozuoshu()
 data_begin(caozuoshu, p0, data)
 bushu = [0]
 # 创建图片
 picture = [[None, None, None, None],
    [None, None, None, None],
    [None, None, None, None],
    [None, None, None, None]]
 yuantu = Picture(17)
 create_pictures(picture, data, set)
 # 创建窗口
 screen = screen_create(set)

 # 游戏主循环
 while True:
  check_events(picture, p0, data, bushu)
  screen_updata(picture, screen, set, yuantu)

游戏用到的图片，图片位置和文件名要和程序中的一致

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我们。

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