javaWeb用户权限控制简单实现过程

最近在做一个网站类型的项目，要对用户的访问模块（权限）进行控制，所以设计并实现了一套简单的权限控制功能。

1. 数据库设计 

用户：users

模块：modules

SQL代码：

 /*
Target Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50628
File Encoding   : 65001

Date: 2016-08-26 10:35:28
*/

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `modules`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `modules`;
CREATE TABLE `modules` (
 `id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
 `module` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '模块',
 `pid` int(10) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '上一级id',
 `level` int(4) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '级别',
 PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of modules
-- ----------------------------

-- ----------------------------
-- Table structure for `users`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `users`;
CREATE TABLE `users` (
 `user_code` varchar(10) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户代码',
 `user_name` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户名',
 `user_password` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '密码',
 `qq` varchar(15) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'qq',
 `msn` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT 'msn',
 `demo` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',
 `auth_code` text COMMENT '权限码',
 PRIMARY KEY (`user_code`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
-- Records of users
-- ----------------------------

1. 后端实现
 项目中用SSM+freemarker框架，把权限封装成权限树的数据结构，然后转成json格式。 
1) 展示层采用ztree树（setUserauthOnTree.html）

 <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<#include "common/res.html" />
<script src="${base.ctx}/js/layer-v2.1/laypage/laypage.js"></script>
<link href="${base.ctx}/js/layer-v2.1/laypage/skin/laypage.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"/>
<script src="${base.ctx}/js/layer-v2.1/layer/layer.js"></script>
<!-- 引入树形菜单样式 -->
<link href="${base.ctx}/component/ztree/css/zTreeStyle/zTreeStyle.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="${base.ctx}/component/ztree/js/jquery.ztree.core-3.5.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="${base.ctx}/component/ztree/js/jquery.ztree.excheck-3.5.js"></script>
<style type="text/css">
.blue-madison {
 border: 1px solid #7ca7cc;
 border-top: 0;
}

.caption {
 background-color: #578ebe;
 border-bottom: 0;
 padding: 0 10px;
 margin-bottom: 0;
 color: #fff;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
 <div class="portlet-body" style="overflow-y:auto; width:400px; height:550px;">
 <div id="ztree" >
 <ul id="treeDemo" class="ztree"></ul>
 </div>
 </div>
 <div class="form-actions">
 <div class="row">
 <div class="col-sm-12" align="center" style="margin-top: 5px">
 <button type='button' class="btn btn-primary"
  onclick="editModle()">确定</button>
 <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" id="cancel">关闭</button>
 </div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <script>
 $("document").ready(function() {
 $.ajax({
  type : "post",
  url : "${base.ctx}/Setup/getUserRightMaskById",
  data:{"id":"${userId}"},
  dataType : "json",
  success : function(result) {
  zTreeObj = $.fn.zTree.init($("#treeDemo"), setting,result.datas.data);
  zTreeObj.expandAll(true);
  },
  error : function() {

  }
 });
 });

 //加载树
 var zTreeObj;
 // zTree 的参数配置，深入使用请参考 API 文档（setting 配置详解）
 var setting = {
 view : {
 //dblClickExpand : false,
 showLine : true,     //是否显示节点间的连线
 },
 check: {
  enable: true,
  //nocheckInherit: false,
  chkStyle: "checkbox",
  chkboxType: { "Y": "ps", "N": "ps" },
  //autoCheckTrigger: true
 },
 callback : {
 onCheck: zTreeOnCheck,
 }
 };

 //checkbox点击的回调事件
 function zTreeOnCheck(event, treeId, treeNode) {
 /* var zTree = $.fn.zTree.getZTreeObj("treeDemo");
   var changedNodes = zTree.getChangeCheckedNodes();
   for ( var i=0 ; i < changedNodes.length ; i++ ){
    var treeNode = changedNodes[i];
   } */
  }; 

 function editModle(){
 var rootId=null;
  var midId=null;
  var minId=null;
 var treeObj = $.fn.zTree.getZTreeObj("treeDemo");
 var nodes = treeObj.getCheckedNodes();

 for(var i=0;i<nodes.length;i++){
 if(nodes[i].level==0){
  rootId=rootId+","+nodes[i].id;
 }
 if(nodes[i].level==1){
  midId=midId+","+nodes[i].id;
 }
 if(nodes[i].level==2){
  minId=minId+","+nodes[i].id;
 }
 }
 if(rootId!=null){
 rootId=rootId.substring(5,rootId.length);
 }
 if(midId!=null){
 midId=midId.substring(5,midId.length);
 }
 if(minId!=null){
 minId=minId.substring(5,minId.length);
 }
 $.ajax({
  type : "post",
  url : "${base.ctx}/Setup/updateUserRightMaskByAjax",
  dataType : "json",
  data:{"rootId":rootId,"midId":midId,"minId":minId,"userId":"${userId}"},
  success : function(result) {
  if(result=="1"){
  layer.msg("赋权成功！");
  setTimeout(function(){top.dialog.get("set-dialog").close().remove();} , 600);
  }
  },
  error : function() {
  layer.msg("系统错误，请联系管理员！");
  }
 });
 }

 //关闭
 $("#cancel").click(function() {
 top.dialog.get("set-dialog").close().remove();
 });
 </script>
</body>
</html>

展示效果如下：

2) controller控制层用springmvc

在控制层把数据转成json格式，发到展示层。

 /**
 * @fun 获取分店用户权限
 * @author 皮锋
 * @date 2016/8/25
 * @param session
 * @param id
 * @param substoreid
 * @return
 */
 @RequestMapping("getUserRightMaskById")
 @ResponseBody
 public Object getUserRightMaskById(HttpSession session,String id,String substoreid){
 substoreid=StringUtils.isEmpty(substoreid)?String.valueOf(session.getAttribute("substoreid")):substoreid;
 //判断是酒店还是客栈
 List<Map<String, Object>> versionsList=this.setupService.getHotelHotelVersions(substoreid);
 Object versions=versionsList.get(0).get("versions");
 Map<String, Object> hotelMap=new HashMap<String, Object>();
 if((null!=versionsList)&&(versionsList.size()!=0)){ //list不为空
 if("complete".equals(versions)){ //酒店
 //查询酒店权限树
 hotelMap=this.rightMaskService.getUserRightMaskOnTree(substoreid,id,"complete");
 }else if("simple".equals(versions)){ //客栈
 //查询客栈权限树
 hotelMap=this.rightMaskService.getUserRightMaskOnTree(substoreid,id,"simple");
 }
 }
 Map<String, Object> resultMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
 resultMap.put("datas", hotelMap);

 return JSONObject.toJSONString(resultMap, SerializerFeature.WriteMapNullValue);
 }

3)service服务层把权限封装成满足ztree格式的树数据结构

 /**
 * @fun 获取分店用户权限
 * @author 皮锋
 * @date 2016/8/25
 * @param substoreid
 * @param id
 * @param versions
 * @return Map<String, Object>
 */
 @Override
 public Map<String, Object> getUserRightMaskOnTree(String substoreid, String id, String versions) {
 Map<String, Object> userRightMask=this.iRightMaskDao.getUserRightMaskBySubAndId(substoreid,id);
 List<Map<String, Object>> listOne = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
 List<Map<String, Object>> listTwo = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
 //List<Map<String, Object>> listThree = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();
 List<Map<String, Object>> resultList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
 if(versions.equals("complete")){ //酒店
 listOne = this.iRightMaskDao.getRightMaskOnHotelOne();
 listTwo = this.iRightMaskDao.getRightMaskOnHotelTwo();
 //listThree = this.iRightMaskDao.getRightMaskOnHotelThree();
 packagingToTwoTree(resultList,listOne,listTwo,userRightMask);
 }else if(versions.equals("simple")){ //客栈
 listOne = this.iRightMaskDao.getRightMaskOnTavernOne();
 listTwo = this.iRightMaskDao.getRightMaskOnTavernTwo();
 //listThree = this.iRightMaskDao.getRightMaskOnTavernThree();
 packagingToTwoTree(resultList,listOne,listTwo,userRightMask);
 }
 Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
 map.put("data", resultList);
 return map;
 }
/**
 * @function 封装一个一级树
 * @author 皮锋
 * @date 2016/8/26
 * @param resultList
 * @param listOne
 * @param authCode
 * @return void
 */
 private void packagingToOneTree(List<Map<String, Object>> resultList,
 List<Map<String, Object>> listOne, Map<String, Object> authCode) {
 for (int i = 0; i < listOne.size(); i++) {
 Map<String, Object> rootMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
 rootMap.put("id", listOne.get(i).get("id"));
 rootMap.put("name", listOne.get(i).get("module"));
 if (validateRightMask(listOne, authCode, i) != -1) {
 rootMap.put("checked", true);
 } else {
 rootMap.put("checked", false);
 }
 resultList.add(rootMap);
 }
 }

 /**
 * @function 封装一个二级树
 * @author 皮锋
 * @date 2016/8/26
 * @param resultList
 * @param listOne
 * @param listTwo
 * @param authCode
 * @return void
 */
 private void packagingToTwoTree(List<Map<String, Object>> resultList,
 List<Map<String, Object>> listOne,
 List<Map<String, Object>> listTwo, Map<String, Object> authCode) {
 for (int i = 0; i < listOne.size(); i++) {

 List<Map<String, Object>> midList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
 for (int j = 0; j < listTwo.size(); j++) {

 if (listTwo.get(j).get("pid").toString()
  .equals(listOne.get(i).get("id").toString())) {

  List<Map<String, Object>> minlist = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();

  Map<String, Object> midMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  midMap.put("id", listTwo.get(j).get("id"));
  midMap.put("name", listTwo.get(j).get("module"));
  midMap.put("children", minlist);
  if (validateRightMask(listTwo, authCode, j) != -1) {
  midMap.put("checked", true);
  } else {
  midMap.put("checked", false);
  }
  midList.add(midMap);
 }
 }
 Map<String, Object> rootMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
 rootMap.put("id", listOne.get(i).get("id"));
 rootMap.put("name", listOne.get(i).get("module"));
 rootMap.put("children", midList);
 if (validateRightMask(listOne, authCode, i) != -1) {
 rootMap.put("checked", true);
 } else {
 rootMap.put("checked", false);
 }
 resultList.add(rootMap);
 }
 }

 /**
 * @function 封装一个三级树
 * @author 皮锋
 * @date 2016/8/26
 * @param resultList
 * @param listOne
 * @param listTwo
 * @param listThree
 * @param authCode
 * @return void
 */
 private void packagingToThreeTree(List<Map<String, Object>> resultList,
 List<Map<String, Object>> listOne,
 List<Map<String, Object>> listTwo,
 List<Map<String, Object>> listThree, Map<String, Object> authCode) {
 for (int i = 0; i < listOne.size(); i++) {

 List<Map<String, Object>> midList = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();
 for (int j = 0; j < listTwo.size(); j++) {

 if (listTwo.get(j).get("pid").toString()
  .equals(listOne.get(i).get("id").toString())) {

  List<Map<String, Object>> minlist = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>();

  for (int k = 0; k < listThree.size(); k++) {
  Map<String, Object> minMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  if (listThree.get(k).get("pid").toString()
  .equals(listTwo.get(j).get("id").toString())) {
  minMap.put("id", listThree.get(k).get("id"));
  minMap.put("name", listThree.get(k).get("module"));
  if (validateRightMask(listThree, authCode, k) != -1) {
  minMap.put("checked", true);
  } else {
  minMap.put("checked", false);
  }
  minlist.add(minMap);
  }
  }
  Map<String, Object> midMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
  midMap.put("id", listTwo.get(j).get("id"));
  midMap.put("name", listTwo.get(j).get("module"));
  midMap.put("children", minlist);
  if (validateRightMask(listTwo, authCode, j) != -1) {
  midMap.put("checked", true);
  } else {
  midMap.put("checked", false);
  }
  midList.add(midMap);
 }
 }
 Map<String, Object> rootMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
 rootMap.put("id", listOne.get(i).get("id"));
 rootMap.put("name", listOne.get(i).get("module"));
 rootMap.put("children", midList);
 if (validateRightMask(listOne, authCode, i) != -1) {
 rootMap.put("checked", true);
 } else {
 rootMap.put("checked", false);
 }
 resultList.add(rootMap);
 }
 }

 /**
 * @function 验证authCode中是否有list中的权限码
 * @author 皮锋
 * @date 2016/8/26
 * @param list
 * @param authCode
 * @param i
 * @return int
 */
 private int validateRightMask(List<Map<String, Object>> list,
 Map<String, Object> authCode, int i) {
 String rightMask = authCode.get("auth_code") != null ? authCode.get(
 "auth_code").toString() : "";
 if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(rightMask)) {
 rightMask = rightMask.replace(";", ",");
 String[] arry = rightMask.split(",");
 for (int j = 0; j < arry.length; j++) {
 String arryRightMask = arry[j];
 String listRightMask = list.get(i).get("id").toString();
 if (arryRightMask.equals(listRightMask)) {
  return 1;
 }
 }
 } else {
 return -1;
 }
 return -1;
 }

4) dao层查询数据库获得用户权限 
a.在数据层按权限级别从modules表中分别拿出不同级别的权限

select id,module,pid,level from modules where level='0'
select id,module,pid,level from modules where level='1'
select id,module,pid,level from modules where level='2'

b.在users表中拿出某用户的所有权限（权限码） 
select auth_code from users where user_code='pifeng' 
c.保存权限时不同级别之间的权限码用英式分号“;”隔开，同一级别之间的权限码用英式逗号“,”隔开。例如：1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12;13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,36,37,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,133,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,126,127,128,129,130,131,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,99,124,134,135,136,140,141,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,137,138,139,100,101,102,103,106,107,132,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,125,117,118,119,120,121,122

5)根据用户的权限码用freemarker标签控制页面功能模块是否显示 
a.freemarker在xml文件中的配置

 <bean id="freemarkerConfig"
   class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
  <!--模板加载路径-->
  <property name="templateLoaderPath">
   <value>/WEB-INF/ftl/</value>
  </property>
  <property name="freemarkerVariables">
   <map>
    <entry key="xml_escape" value-ref="fmXmlEscape"/>
   </map>
  </property>
  <property name="freemarkerSettings">
   <props>
    <prop key="tag_syntax">auto_detect</prop>
    <prop key="template_update_delay">0</prop>
    <prop key="default_encoding">UTF-8</prop>
    <prop key="output_encoding">UTF-8</prop>
    <prop key="locale">zh_CN</prop>
    <prop key="date_format">yyyy-MM-dd</prop>
    <prop key="time_format">HH:mm:ss</prop>
    <prop key="number_format">0.######</prop>
    <prop key="datetime_format">yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss</prop>
    <!--空值处理-->
    <prop key="classic_compatible">true</prop>
    <!--自动导入ftl模板，并以“base”别名作为命名空间-->
    <prop key="auto_import">inc/spring.ftl as base</prop>
   </props>
  </property>
 </bean>

 <bean id="fmXmlEscape" class="freemarker.template.utility.XmlEscape"/>

 <bean id="freeMarkerViewResolver"
   class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
  <property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
  <property name="cache" value="false"/>
  <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView"/>
  <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8"></property>
  <!--fixed Exception:Cannot expose session attribute 'substoreid' because of an existing model -->
  <property name="allowSessionOverride" value="true"/>
  <property name="exposeRequestAttributes" value="true"/>
  <property name="exposeSessionAttributes" value="true"/>
  <property name="exposeSpringMacroHelpers" value="true"/>
  <!-- 此变量值为pageContext.request, 页面使用方法：request.contextPath -->
  <property name="requestContextAttribute" value="request"/>

  <property name="attributesMap">
   <map>
    <!-- 定义Freemarker方法的名称 -->
    <entry key="menucall">
     <!-- 关联到我们之前定义的工具类 -->
     <bean class="com.leike.util.MenuFunction" />
    </entry>
   </map>
  </property>
 </bean>

b.写个类继承TemplateMethodModel类，实现freemarker自定义方法，用于实现控制页面模块是否显示 
登陆的时候把用户权限码存入session中，然后从session中取权限。下面是一个例子：

 public class MenuFunction implements TemplateMethodModel{
 @Override
 public Object exec(List arg0) throws TemplateModelException {
 int level = Integer.valueOf(arg0.get(0).toString()); //模块等级
  int modelId=Integer.valueOf(arg0.get(1).toString()); //模块id
  int count=0; //记录session是否有此模块的权限码
  HttpServletRequest request = ((ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes()).getRequest();
  HttpSession session=request.getSession();
  Object o = session.getAttribute("info");
  if(o==null)
   return false;
  Info info = (Info) o;
  String authCode=info.getUser().getAuthCode(); //权限码
  if(authCode.contains(";")){
  String[] masks=authCode.split(";");
  String[] m=masks[level].split(",");
  for (int i = 0; i < m.length; i++) {
  if(modelId==Integer.parseInt(m[i])){
  ++count;
  }else{
  count+=0;
  }
 }
  }
  if(count==0){
  return false;
  }else{
  return true;
  }

 }

}

c.在页面使用freemarker标签，控制模块的显示隐藏 
Menucall中的两个参数，第一个为模块等级，第二个为模块的id 
例如：

<#if menucall(1,122)>
 <li style="line-height: 250%">
 <a href="#" id="booknew"><i class="glyphicon"></i>预订</a>
 </li>
</#if>

以上就是对用户的访问模块（权限）进行控制的大体实现。

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持我们。